centos6 安装ruby on rails（nginx+unicorn）（建立环境依赖）

hmzone

.
1.第一步
su root ***
安装依赖包
yum -y install gcc

yum install flex autoconf zlib curl zlib-devel curl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel pam-devel
gcc+ gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel

（说明：以上包都得安装上，否则最后rails 环境会出错）
2.安装ruby
wget ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org//pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.2-p0.tar.gz

tar -zxvf ruby-1.9.2-p0.tar.gz

cd ruby-1.9.2-p0

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ruby

make

make test

make install

3.ruby 安装后 gem list 出现错误
ERROR: Loading command: list (LoadError)

no such file to load -- zlib

ERROR: While executing gem ... (NameError)

uninitialized constant Gem::Commands::ListCommand
解决办法：

sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev

(2)然后到源码目录的ext/zlib下 （刚才解压的ruby1.9.2目录）

sudo ruby extconf.rb （需要管理员权限）

make

sudo make install
4. sudo: ruby: command not found
建立以下软链接:
sudo ln -s /usr/local/ruby/bin/ruby /usr/bin/ruby

sudo ln -s /usr/local/ruby/bin/gem /usr/bin/gem

5. gem install rails
6. 安装 mysql
三条命令实现安装 mysql
yum install mysql-server

yum install mysql

yum install mysql-devel
默认安装的mysql 密码是空 ， 所以需要修改密码
mysql -u root -p 回车进入

mysql> USE mysql;

mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('new-password') WHERE user='root';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

重启 mysql service

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/ var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

sudo /etc/init.d/mysqld start
7. 安装git和部署项目
yum install git-core

ssh-keygen -t rsa
如果是从别的地方拷贝过来的，需 进行权限操作：
chmod 777 id_rsa id_rsa.pub
8.克隆服务器项目
(1).rails 项目为了避免麻烦的权限，一般部署在 ～/ 目录下
mkdir projects && cd ..

git clone git@192.168.8.201:entos.git

cd entos

切换到开发分支

git checkout develop

bundle install

mv config/database.yml.example database.yml
(2) 修改示例数据库配置文件
vi config/database.yml edit root# password

建库，数据迁移

bundle exec rake RAILS_ENV=production db:create:all

bundle exec rake RAILS_ENV=production db:migrate
(3) 启动服务并测试
rails s
本地测试rails 环境是否搭建成功
浏览器访问:localhost:3000 是否出现首页
（4） 再此期间遇到的问题：
a 如果出现：errors:libxml2 is missing. please visit http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html for help with installing dependencies.
解决方法：sudo yum install -y libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel （此时要有 -y 参数，否则安装出错）
b 如果出现 ：make: g++: Command not found
解决方法： yum -y install gcc+ gcc-c++
c 如果出现： no such file to load -- openssl (LoadError)
解决办法： cd ~/Downloads/ruby-1.9.2-p180/ext/openssl (assuming you extracted the ruby tar to ~/Downloads)
$ ruby extconf.rb && make && sudo make install
9. nginx+unicorn 部署：
(1) install nginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.10.tar.gz

sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

make && make install

启动 ：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

停止：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

重启：sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
（2）安装遇到的问题
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
安装pcre-devel解决问题
yum -y install pcre-devel
（3）安装Unicorn
gem install unicorn

获取 unicorn 配置文件

curl -o config/unicorn.rb https://raw.github.com/defunkt/unicorn/master/examples/unicorn.conf.rb
修改配置文件：
vi config/unicorn.rb
app_path="/home/dong/projects/entos"

working_directory app_path # available in 0.94.0+

listen app_path+"/tmp/nginx/sockets/unicorn.sock", :backlog => 64 (/tmp/nginx/sockets 需提前创建该文件目录，特别注意：unicorn.sock 不用创建，当unicorn_rails 启动后，会自动生成该文件*.sock)

listen 8080, :tcp_nopush => true

timeout 30

pid app_path+"/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid"

stderr_path app_path+"/log/unicorn.stderr.log"

stdout_path app_path+"/log/unicorn.stdout.log"
(须在项目log目录下创建 unicorn.stderr.log ，unicorn.stdout.log，两个文件)
touch log/unicorn.stderr.log
touch log/unicorn.stdout.log
启动 unicorn_rails
unicorn_rails config/unicorn.rb -E production -D


sudo gedit /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
关键代码配置：
user root root;

http{

upstream unicorn_server {

server unix:/home/dong/projects/entos/tmp/nginx/sockets/unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name www.entsea.com;

root /home/dong/projects/entos/public;

#charset koi8-r;


#access_log logs/host.access.log main;


location / {

proxy_redirect off;

proxy_set_header Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;

proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

proxy_buffering on;

proxy_pass http://unicorn_server; #关键部分，如果没此配置：则会出现 nginx 403 Forbidden ，即使放到最大权限也无济于事

}

}


}
如果是本地测试，需添加 链接
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 www.entsea.com
测试：浏览器输入 www.entsea.com 会看到首页
10.centos 安装中文输入法
yum install "@Chinese Support"
Preferences-Input method-最后选择添加...