Oracle Linux 6.5安装Oracle 11.2.0.4 x64

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1. oracle11g安装环境准备采用OEL6.5 x64安装，安装过程与Redhat一致，安装过程中选中桌面，开发包，开发库，其它默认选项。   
Desktops > X Window System   
Development > Additional Development   
Development > Development Tools
安装好后：   
(1) 关闭selinux   
(2) 关闭iptables   
(3) 重启
2. 开始安装基础包(放入光盘、或挂载ISO文件)

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mount /dev/cdrom /mnt    cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/Packages    rpm -Uvh binutils-2*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh glibc-2*x86_64* nss-softokn-freebl-3*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh glibc-2*i686* nss-softokn-freebl-3*i686*    rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2*i686*    rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh gcc-4*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh ksh-*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh libaio-0*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh libaio-0*i686*    rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0*i686*    rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh libgcc-4*i686*    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4*i686*    rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh make-3.81*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-2*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh sysstat-9*x86_64*    rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*i686*    rpm -Uvh compat-libcap*

(1) 确认安装以下包

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# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-gcc-34-c++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat numactl-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel openmotif22 openmotif compat-db libXp

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64   
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64   
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686   
package compat-gcc-34-c++ is not installed   
elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64   
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64   
gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64   
gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64   
glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64   
glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.i686   
glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64   
glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64   
glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686   
glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64   
kernel-headers-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64   
ksh-20120801-10.el6.x86_64   
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64   
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686   
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64   
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686   
libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64   
libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.i686   
libgomp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64   
libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64   
libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.i686   
libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64   
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64   
sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64   
numactl-devel-2.0.7-8.el6.x86_64   
package unixODBC is not installed   
package unixODBC-devel is not installed   
package openmotif22 is not installed   
package openmotif is not installed   
package compat-db is not installed   
package libXp is not installed
(2) 安装相关包

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# rpm -ivh compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.x86_64.rpm    # rpm -ivh compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64.rpm      # rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm      # rpm -ivh openmotif-2.3.3-6.1.el6_4.x86_64.rpm openmotif22-2.2.3-19.el6.x86_64.rpm libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

(3) 替换sqlplus工具# wget http://utopia.knoware.nl/~hlub/uck/rlwrap/rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz   
# tar zxvf rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz   
# cd rlwrap-0.36   
# ./configure   
# make   
# make check   
# make install
3. 创建oracle安装相关用户组及用户帐号1）创建oinstall,dba组和oracle用户(用root身份)groupadd oinstall   
groupadd dba   
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle   
passwd oracle
2）创建Oralce HOME目录mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1   
chmod -R 775 /u01/app   
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

4. 修改内核支持# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576   
fs.file-max = 6815744   
kernel.shmall = 2097152   
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648   
kernel.shmmni = 4096   
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128   
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500   
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304   
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304   
net.core.wmem_default = 262144   
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
# sysctl -p
内核参数配置说明：   
kernel.shmall = 2097152      # 系统可以使用的共享内存总页数，缺省值就是2097152。   
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648   # 单个共享内存段的最大值，字节为单位, 此例为2GB。   
kernel.shmmni = 4096         # 共享内存段的最大默认数量

5. 修改文件描述符cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << EOF   
oracle   soft   nproc   2047   
oracle   hard   nproc   16384   
oracle   soft   nofile  1024   
oracle   hard   nofile  65536   
oracle   soft   stack   10240   
EOF

6. 修改登陆认证模块cat >> /etc/pam.d/login << EOF   
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so   
EOF

7. 修改本地hosts文件# vi /etc/hosts   
192.168.233.100    vm100

8. 修改oracle用户环境变量(1) 配置系统环境变量，加入到最后。cat >> /etc/profile << EOF   
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then   
      if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then   
          ulimit -p 16384   
          ulimit -n 65536   
      else   
          ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536   
      fi   
fi   
EOF
(2) 配置oracle环境变量# su - oracle
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile << EOF   
export EDITOR=vi   
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle   
export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1   
export ORACLE_SID=orcl   
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH   
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"   
export LANG=en_US   
export LC_ALL=en_US   
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/usr/lib:\$ORACLE_HOME/lib   
export CLASSPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:\$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib   
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"   
alias rman="rlwrap rman"   
umask 022   
EOF   
source .bash_profile

9. 拷贝oracle安装包到linux系统中# mv p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip /u01/app/   
# mv p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip /u01/app/   
# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip   
# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
# 解压在/u01/app/database下   
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/database/

10. 安装oracle11g软件说明：本文采用本机安装方式，远程安装推荐采用VNC或Xmanager。

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# xhost +    access control disabled, clients can connect from any host $ su - oracle    $ cd /u01/Oracle/database    $ ./runInstaller 最后要在root执行以下两条脚本    # /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh    # /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

11. 创建监听服务$ netca   
# 参数一律默认即可   
$ ps -ef |grep ora_

12. 创建数据库$ dbca   
# 选择gernel purpose，在SID和全局名称中，选择你在.bash_profile中创建的SID.   
# 数据库的字符集选项中选择ZHS16GBK, 其它默认OK,完成.

13. oracle的启动服务配置#开机自启动采用rc.local启动方式，没有配置成服务方式，关闭数据库还是手动执行的好。
$ vi /etc/oratab   
#把最后的N改成Y (默认是N)   
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y
cat >> /etc/rc.local << EOF   
# Oracle service start   
su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start"   
su - oracle -c "dbstart"   
EOF