mysql二进制安装

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1、添加用户
useradd  mysql -s  /sbin/nologin -M
2、下载解压软件
rz -y
tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql/
3、初始化数据库
/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
4、授权MySQL管理数据库文件
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
5、生成MySQL配置文件
cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

6、配置启动MySQL
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
/application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &  后台开启mysqld服务进程
lsof -i :3306  进程已开启

7、配置环境变量
echo $PATH
cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
which mysql

8、配置传统方式启动mysqld服务
cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
killall mysqld
lsof -i :3306  发现进程已关闭
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
lsof -i :3306  发现进程已开启
chkconfig mysqld on  设置开机自启动
chkconfig --list mysqld  查看开机自启动



安全优化
1、设置mysql密码
mysqladmin -uroot password "123456"
mysql -uroot -p123456  用密码登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p  进入交互式密码登录
更改密码
mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password "wuyike"
2、安全优化
删除test数据库
drop database test;
删除无用用户
select user,host from mysql.user;
drop user '用户'@'主机名'   用户大写，特殊字符删不了，用delete（delete from mysql.user where user="root"and host="A";）
drop user 'root'@'wuyike';
drop user 'root'@'::1';
drop user ''@'wuyike';
剩下如下用户:
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
| user | host      |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | localhost |
+------+-----------+
如果误删：
grant all on *.* to 'root'@localhost identified by '123456'with grant option;flush privileges;


3、简单命令
帮助：help drop;
查库：show databases;================>ls
切库：use mysql或别的库名; ==========>cd
查表：show tales;
查看用户列表：select user,host from mysql.user;
查看当前用户：select user();=========>whoami
查看当前所在库：select database(); =======>pwd
删除数据库：drop database 库名；
删除用户：drop user '用户'@'主机';