一键搭建lnmp环境shell脚本

十二12

　　此脚本可实现执行一次全自动无从守护搭建lnmp环境，执行完成后，PHP、nginx、MYSQL、以及一些库文件均安装在/usr/local/目录下。如果第一次搭建lnmp环境，最好还是手动装一遍。
　　此脚本参考张宴的Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.8（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器，地址： http://blog.s135.com/post/366/ ，可以前往了解，对更好配置lnmp环境也有好处。
　　把所以需要的软件下载好（可以到官网下载，也可以到张宴博客下载）与shell脚本配置文件放到一个名为lnmp的文件夹内。
　　新建一个名为install.sh文件，加上可执行权限，代码如下
　　

• #!/bin/bash
  
• #升级所需要的库文件，编译工具……
  
• yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
  
• 
  
• #安装PHP 5.2.8所需要的库
  
• tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
  
• cd ./libiconv-1.13/
  
• ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
  
• cd ./libmcrypt-2.5.7/
  
• ./configure
  
• make && make install
  
• /sbin/ldconfig
  
• cd libltdl/
  
• ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../../
  
• 
  
• tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
  
• cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
  
• ./configure
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
  
• ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
  
• 
  
• tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
  
• cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
  
• /sbin/ldconfig
  
• ./configure
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• #安装MySQL 5.1.33
  
• groupadd mysql
  
• useradd -g mysql mysql
  
• tar zxvf mysql-5.0.87.tar.gz
  
• cd mysql-5.0.87
  
• ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readine --with-readine --with-readline  --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase
  
• make && make install
  
• chmod +w /usr/local/mysql
  
• chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
  
• cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
  
• cd ../
  
• /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
  
• 
  
• #编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）
  
• tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz
  
• gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1
  
• cd php-5.2.14
  
• ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl
  
• make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
  
• make install
  
• cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• #安装PHP5扩展模块
  
• tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
  
• cd memcache-2.2.5/
  
• /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
  
• ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ..
  
• 
  
• tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
  
• cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
  
• /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
  
• ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
  
• cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2
  
• /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
  
• ./configure -with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
  
• cd ImageMagick-6.6.9-9/
  
• ./configure
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
  
• cd imagick-2.3.0/
  
• /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
  
• ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ../
  
• 
  
• #用sed修改php.ini文件配置
  
• sed -i 's!extension_dir = "./"!extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n!' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  
• sed -i 's!output_buffering = Off!output_buffering = On!' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  
• 
  
• mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
  
• sed -i '$r ./eaccelerator' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  
• 
  
• sed -i '$a kernel.shmmax = 134217728' /etc/sysctl.conf
  
• /sbin/sysctl -p
  
• 
  
• #增加运行nginx的用户用户组
  
• groupadd www
  
• useradd -g www www
  
• mkdir -p /home/www/phpmyadmin
  
• chmod +w /home/www/phpmyadmin
  
• chown -R www:www /home/www/phpmyadmin
  
• 
  
• rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
  
• cp ./php-fpm.conf //usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
  
• 
  
• #安装Nginx 需要的pcre库
  
• tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
  
• cd  pcre-8.01/
  
• ./configure
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ..
  
• 
  
• #安装nginx
  
• tar zxvf nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz
  
• cd nginx-0.8.50/
  
• ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
  
• make && make install
  
• cd ..
  
• 
  
• #创建nginx日志目录。
  
• mkdir -p /var/www/nginx_log
  
• chmod +w /var/www/nginx_log
  
• chown -R www:www /var/www/nginx_log
  
• 
  
• rm -f /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  
• cp ./nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf
  
• cp ./fcgi.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/
  
• 
  
• #修改内核参数
  
• sed -i '$r ./sysctl' /etc/sysctl.conf
  
• sysctl -p
  

　　

　　以上代码经本人测试可以无错误地在centOS5.5、centOS5.6环境下安装，如果安装到其它环境或者用新版软件，最好在每一步安装一个软件后写上如下代码，以免出错提示，如第６、７行，如果安装正解，系统参数$?应该为０，否则为安装出错。
　　

• tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
  
• cd memcache-2.2.5/
  
• /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
  
• ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
  
• make && make install
  
• if [ $? ne 0 ];then
  
•   echo "install  memcache error"
  
• cd ..
  

　　

　　脚本中所用到的配置文件按顺序如下
　　１、eaccelerator
　　

• [eaccelerator]
  
• zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
  
• eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
  
• eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"
  
• eaccelerator.enable="1"
  
• eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
  
• eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
  
• eaccelerator.debug="0"
  
• eaccelerator.filter=""
  
• eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
  
• eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
  
• eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
  
• eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
  
• eaccelerator.compress="1"
  
• eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
  

　　

　　２、php-fpm.conf
　　

• 
  
• 
  
• 
  
•   All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix
  
• 
  
•   
  
• 
  
•     Pid file
  
•     /usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid
  
• 
  
•     Error log file
  
•     /usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log
  
• 
  
•     Log level
  
•     notice
  
• 
  
•     When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
  
•     10
  
• 
  
•     ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
  
•     Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
  
•     1m
  
• 
  
•     Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
  
•     5s
  
• 
  
•     Set to 'no' to debug fpm
  
•     yes
  
• 
  
•   
  
• 
  
•   
  
• 
  
•    
  
• 
  
•       Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
  
•       default
  
• 
  
•       Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
  
•       Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
  
•       127.0.0.1:9000
  
• 
  
•       
  
• 
  
•         Set listen(2) backlog
  
•         -1
  
• 
  
•         Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
  
•         In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
  
•         Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
  
•         
  
•         
  
•         0666
  
•       
  
• 
  
•       Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
  
•       
  
•         /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i
  
•         1
  
•       
  
• 
  
•       Unix user of processes
  
•         www
  
• 
  
•       Unix group of processes
  
•         www
  
• 
  
•       Process manager settings
  
•       
  
• 
  
•         Sets style of controling worker process count.
  
•         Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
  
•         static
  
• 
  
•         Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
  
•         Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
  
•         Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
  
•         Used with any pm_style.
  
•         128
  
• 
  
•         Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
  
•         
  
• 
  
•           Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
  
•           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
  
•           20
  
• 
  
•           Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
  
•           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
  
•           5
  
• 
  
•           Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
  
•           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
  
•           35
  
• 
  
•         
  
• 
  
•       
  
• 
  
•       The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
  
•       Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
  
•       '0s' means 'off'
  
•       0s
  
• 
  
•       The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
  
•       '0s' means 'off'
  
•       0s
  
• 
  
•       The log file for slow requests
  
•       logs/slow.log
  
• 
  
•       Set open file desc rlimit
  
•       51200
  
• 
  
•       Set max core size rlimit
  
•       0
  
• 
  
•       Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
  
•       
  
• 
  
•       Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
  
•       
  
• 
  
•       Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
  
•       If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
  
•       yes
  
• 
  
•       How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
  
•       Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
  
•       For endless request processing please specify 0
  
•       Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
  
•       500
  
• 
  
•       Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
  
•       Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
  
•       Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
  
•       127.0.0.1
  
• 
  
•       Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
  
•       All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
  
•       
  
•         $HOSTNAME
  
•         /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
  
•         /tmp
  
•         /tmp
  
•         /tmp
  
•         $OSTYPE
  
•         $MACHTYPE
  
•         2
  
•       
  
• 
  
•    
  
• 
  
•   
  
• 
  
• 
  

　　

　　３、nginx.conf（nginx配置文件）
　　

• user  www www;
  
• 
  
• worker_processes 8;
  
• 
  
• error_log  /var/www/nginx_log/nginx_error.log  crit;
  
• 
  
• pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
  
• 
  
• #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
  
• worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
  
• 
  
• events
  
• {
  
•   use epoll;
  
•   worker_connections 51200;
  
• }
  
• 
  
• http
  
• {
  
•   include       mime.types;
  
•   default_type  application/octet-stream;
  
• 
  
•   #charset  gb2312;
  
• 
  
•   server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  
•   client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  
•   large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  
•   client_max_body_size 8m;
  
• 
  
•   sendfile on;
  
•   tcp_nopush     on;
  
• 
  
•   keepalive_timeout 60;
  
• 
  
•   tcp_nodelay on;
  
• 
  
•   fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  
•   fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  
•   fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  
•   fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  
•   fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  
•   fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  
•   fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  
• 
  
•   gzip on;
  
•   gzip_min_length  1k;
  
•   gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  
•   gzip_http_version 1.0;
  
•   gzip_comp_level 2;
  
•   gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  
•   gzip_vary on;
  
• 
  
•   #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
  
• 
  
• server
  
• {
  
•   listen  80;
  
•   server_name phpmyadmin.ke.cn;
  
•   index index.html index.htm index.php;
  
•   root /home/www/phpmyadmin;
  
• 
  
•   location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
  
•   {
  
•     #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
  
•     fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  
•     fastcgi_index index.php;
  
•     include fcgi.conf;
  
•   }
  
• 
  
•   location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
  
•   {
  
•     expires 1h;
  
•   }
  
• 
  
•   log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]"$request"'
  
•         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer"'
  
•         '$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
  
•   access_log /var/www/nginx_log/access.log access;
  
• }
  
• }
  

　　

　　４、fcgi.conf　（phpFsatCGI配置文件）
　　

• fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
  
• fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;
  
• 
  
• fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
  
• fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
  
• fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
  
• fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
  
• 
  
• fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
  
• fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
  
• fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
  
• fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
  
• fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
  
• fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
  
• 
  
• fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
  
• fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
  
• fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
  
• fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
  
• fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;
  
• 
  
• # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
  
• fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;
  

　　

　　５、sysctl（修改内核文件）
　　

• net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
  
• net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000    65000