oracle备份策略

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　　RMAN>  CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
　　RMAN>  CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 14 DAYS;
　　启用控制文件自动备份及备份存放位置配置
　　RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
　　查看配置信息
　　RMAN> show all;
　　-------------------------------------------------
　　--创建文件夹
　　$mkdir /home/oracle/backup
　　mkdir /home/oracle/backup/script
　　mkdir /home/oracle/backup/log
　　mkdir /home/oracle/backup/export
　　--备份目的地
　　mkdir /home/oracle/rman_backup
　　创建备份表空间
　　create tablespace rman_tbs datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/rman_tbs01.dbf'
　　size 1024M autoextend on next 50M maxsize 10240M
　　extent management local segment space management auto;
　　创建备份用户

　　create user rman>　　grant connect,resource ,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;
　　SQL> grant unlimited tablespace to rman;
　　SQL> grant sysdba to rman;
　　rman catalog rman/rman
　　create catalog tablespace rman_tbs;
　　connect target sys/Oracle123@orcl11g
　　register database;
　　report schema;
　　-------------------------------------------------------
　　--倒出RMAN用户数据脚本exp_rman.par (即备份catalog库）
　　userid=rman/rman
　　file=/home/oracle/backup/export/rman.dmp
　　log=/home/oracle/backup/log/rman.log
　　-- 倒出RMAN数据SHELL脚本exp_rman.sh
　　#!/bin/bash
　　cd $HOME
　　. .bash_profile
　　cd $HOME/backup/script
　　exp parfile=exp_rman.par
　　--------------
　　---零级备份RMAN脚本level0_backup.rcv
　　connect catalog rman/rman
　　connect target sys/Oracle123@orcl11g
　　run {
　　allocate channel d1 type disk;
　　allocate channel d2 type disk;
　　backup incremental level 0 database format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/level0_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak'
　　tag='level 0' include current controlfile;
　　sql 'alter system archive log current';
　　backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/arc_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' ;
　　release channel d2;
　　release channel d1;
　　}
　　crosscheck backup;
　　delete noprompt expired backup;
　　delete noprompt obsolete;
　　crosscheck archivelog all;
　　delete noprompt archivelog all completed before 'sysdate-15';
　　resync catalog;
　　--零级备份SHELL脚本的level0_backup.sh
　　#!/bin/bash
　　backtime=`date +"%y%m%d%H"`
　　#cd $HOME
　　. /home/oracle/.bash_profile
　　cd $HOME/backup/script
　　rman cmdfile=level0_backup.rcv msglog=$HOME/backup/log/level0_${backtime}.log
　　. /home/oracle/backup/script/exp_rman.sh
　　一级差异增量备份RMAN脚本 level1_backup.rcv
　　connect catalog rman/rman
　　connect target sys/Oracle123@orcl11g
　　run {
　　allocate channel d1 type disk;
　　backup incremental level 1 format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/level1_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' tag = 'level 1'cumulative database;
　　sql 'alter system archive log current';
　　backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' ;
　　release channel d1;
　　}
　　crosscheck backup;
　　delete noprompt expired backup;
　　delete noprompt obsolete;
　　crosscheck archivelog all;
　　delete noprompt archivelog all completed before 'sysdate-15';
　　resync catalog;
　　--一级差异增量备份SHELL脚本level1_backup.sh
　　#!/bin/bash
　　backtime=`date +"%y%m%d%H"`
　　#cd $HOME
　　. /home/oracle/.bash_profile
　　cd /home/oracle/backup/script
　　rman cmdfile=level1_backup.rcv msglog=$HOME/backup/log/level1_${backtime}.log
　　. /home/oracle/backup/script/exp_rman.sh
　　linux下定时执行备份脚本
　　crontab -e -u oracle
　　SHELL=/bin/bash --以下脚本在bash下执行
　　MAILTO=oracle --执行日志以邮件形式邮给oracle用户，可以/var/spool/mail/oracle下查收
　　5 12 * * 1 nohup /home/oracle/backup/script/level0_backup.sh >/home/oracle/backup/cron.log 2>&1 &
　　5 12 * * 3 /home/oracle/backup/script/level1_backup.sh
　　5 12 * * 5 /home/oracle/backup/script/level1_backup.sh
　　一周差异备份策略：
　　备份目标库和catalog库
　　周一0级全备，周三周五为1级。
　　每天12点5分开始备份