三.出现ORA-1555原因
The ORA-1555 errors can happen when a query is unable to access enough undo to build a copy of the data at the time the query started. Committed “versions” of blocks are maintained along with newer uncommitted “versions” of those blocks so that queries can access data as it existed in the database at the time of the query. These are referred to as “consistent read” blocks and are maintained using Oracle undo management.
就是一个查询要访问某个数据块,而这个数据块在这个查询执行过程中修改过,那么该查询需要查询undo中数据块,而undo中该数据块已经不存在,从而出现ORA-1555
四.ORA-1555解决方法
Case 1 – Rollback Overwritten
1.缩短sql运行时间
2.增加undo_retention,这个同时需要考虑undo空间大小
3.减少commit(rollback)次数
4.在一条sql中尽量使数据块访问一次
4.1)Using a full table scan rather than an index lookup
4.2)Introducing a dummy sort so that we retrieve all the data, sort it and then sequentially visit these data blocks.
Case 2 – Rollback Transaction Slot Overwritten
这种问题,主要是延迟块清理导致,一般建议在进行大批量的dml操作后,使用全表(全index)扫描执行一遍,或者收集全部统计信息