传统认为,解决ARP问题可以基于网络接口,也可以基于主机来实现。Linux采用了基于主机的方式,因为其可以在大多场景中工作良好,但LVS却并不属于这些场景之一,因此,过去实现此功能相当麻烦。现在可以通过设置arp_ignore和arp_announce,这变得相对简单的多了。
Linux 2.2和2.4(2.4.26之前的版本)的内核解决“ARP问题”的方法各不相同,且比较麻烦。幸运的是,2.4.26和2.6的内核中引入了两个新的调整ARP栈的标志(device flags):arp_announce和arp_ignore。基于此,在DR/TUN的环境中,所有IPVS相关的设定均可使用arp_announce=2和arp_ignore=1/2/3来解决“ARP问题”了。
arp_annouce:Define different restriction levels for announcing the local source IP address from IP packets in ARP requests sent on interface;
0 - (default) Use any local address, configured on any interface.
1 - Try to avoid local addresses that are not in the target's subnet for this interface.
2 - Always use the best local address for this target.
arp_ignore: Define different modes for sending replies in response to received ARP requests that resolve local target IP address.
0 - (default): reply for any local target IP address, configured on any interface.
1 - reply only if the target IP address is local address configured on the incoming interface.
2 - reply only if the target IP address is local address configured on the incoming interface and both with the sender's IP address are part from same subnet on this interface.
3 - do not reply for local address configured with scope host, only resolutions for golbal and link addresses are replied.
4-7 - reserved
8 - do not reply for all local addresses