一、主主优点
双机热备的概念简单说一下,就是要保持两个数据库的状态自动同步。 对任何一个数据库的操作都自动应用到另外一个数据库,始终保持两个数据库数据一致。这样做的好处: (1)可以做灾备,其中一个坏了可以切换到另一个。 (2)可以做负载均衡,可以将请求分摊到其中任何一台上,提高网站吞吐量。
二、环境
系统环境:linux
Mysql版本:5.6.24
Master1IP:192.168.0.1
Master2IP:192.168.0.2
三、操作步骤
(1)在master1上创建专门备份的用户
【master1】
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| mysql –uroot -p
grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.0.2'identified by 'repl_user';
flush privileges;
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(2)开启主服务器的binarylog【master1】
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| vi /etc/my.cnf
server_id = 1
log-bin=master-bin
binlog_format=mixed
read-only=0
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
auto-increment-increment=5
auto-increment-offset=1
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(3)获取主服务器的状态和同步状态1
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| 先锁定数据库:
flush tables with read lock;
导出数据:
mysqldump -root -p test>/tmp/test_0511.sql
查看master1的binary日志位置:
show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row***************************
File: master-bin.000009
Position: 6001
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
解除锁定:
unlock tables;
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(4)设置master2需要复制的数据库 【master2】
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| vi /etc/my.cnf
server_id = 2
log-bin = master-bin
binlog_format = mixed
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
replicate-ignore-db = performance_schema
relay_log=mysqld-relay-bin
log-slave-updates = ON
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
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(5)导入初态, 开始同步。1
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| create database test default charset utf8;
use test
source /tmp/test_0511.sql
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.1',
MASTER_USER='repl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='repl_user',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000009',
MASTER_LOG_POS=6001;
start slave;
show slave status\G;
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注意图中的红框,两个都是Yes,说明开启成功。
(6)在master2上创建专门备份的用户【master2】
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| mysql –uroot -p
grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.0.1'identified by 'repl_user';
flush privileges;
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(7)开启master2主服务器的binarylog1
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| vi /etc/my.cnf
read-only=0
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
auto-increment-increment=10
auto-increment-offset=2
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
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(8) 开启主服务器的binarylogMaster2日志状态:
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| show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row***************************
File: master-bin.000002
Position: 120
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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(9)修改master1配置文件【maste1】开启中继
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| vi /etc/my.cnf
replicate-ignore-db = mysql
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
replicate-ignore-db = performance_schema
relay_log=mysqld-relay-bin
log-slave-updates = ON
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
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(10)启动同步1
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| CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.2',
MASTER_USER='repl_user',
MASTER_PASSWORD='repl_user',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000002',
MASTER_LOG_POS=120;
start slave;
show slave status\G;
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| 出现错误:
[ERROR] Slave SQL: Slave failed toinitialize relay log info structure from the repository, Error_code: 1872
解决方法:
reset slave;
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