DHCP服务的基本配置

ewsd12

• 安装完DHCP后,了解其重要的配置文件
  配置服务
  
  主配置文件为/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
  打开后发现可以查看配置实例example，可以根据实例了解下
  修改配置文件
  

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  # dhcpd.conf # # Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd # # option definitions common to all supported networks... #此行我修改为自己的域名 option domain-name "liuliancao.com"; #此处servers我修改为自己dns的地址 option domain-name-servers 192.168.177.130,192.168.177.133; #修改默认租约 default-lease-time 6000; max-lease-time 72000; # Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally. #ddns-update-style none;通常这不是安全的做法，会修改dns服务器的内容，建议关闭 # If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local # network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented. #authoritative; # Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also # have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection). #定义不同的日志级别，这里默认吧 log-facility local7; # No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the # DHCP server to understand the network topology. #让服务知道，这是一个不被允许使用的域，我把它注释掉了 #subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #} # This is a very basic subnet declaration. #最基本的设置，有子网的定义，地址池的设置，路由（网关）的设置，此处我也注释掉 #subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { # range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20; #option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org; #} # This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses, # which we don't really recommend. #BOOTP的使用说明，不使用 #subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 { # range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60; #option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31; #option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org; #} #典型的配置，我修改了下成为自己的配置 # A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet. subnet 192.168.177.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.177.10 192.168.177.20; #默认情况下为130-254虚拟机dhcp分配，等会用来比较接受了哪个服务器 option domain-name-servers 192.168.177.130,192.168.177.133; option domain-name "liuliancao.com"; option routers 192.168.177.1; #  option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; } #定义特殊的主机，并为之绑定ip地址，即固定ip地址,这里先不用 #host server { #通过mac定位 #  hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:1D:07:88; #  fixed-address  192.168.177.133; #}

  
  
  
  

重启dhcpd服务

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[iyunv@www ~]# service dhcpd restart Shutting down dhcpd:                                       [  OK  ] Starting dhcpd:                                            [  OK  ]

上面的如果启动失败，请自行查看/var/log/messages，有详细的说明信息

1 2	[iyunv@www ~]# netstat -tunlp |grep dhcpd udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67                  0.0.0.0:*                               2677/dhcpd

设置客户端为BOOTPROTO=dhcp

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[iyunv@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp HWADDR=00:0C:29:1D:07:88 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 ONBOOT=yes GATEWAY=192.168.177.1

如果你启动的时候显示NetworkManager actived的话，请关闭这个服务

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[iyunv@localhost network-scripts]# service NetworkManager stop Stopping NetworkManager daemon:                            [  OK  ] [iyunv@localhost network-scripts]# chkconfig NetworkManager off

在客户端重启网络

1	[iyunv@localhost ~]# service network restart

这一步请在内部虚拟机运行，否则就会迟迟没有响应，因为客户端ip已经变了，说明该客户端是用来server端的dhcp

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[iyunv@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:1D:07:88 inet addr:192.168.177.3  Bcast:192.168.177.255  Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:788/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1 RX packets:1867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1854 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:184954 (180.6 KiB)  TX bytes:227183 (221.8 KiB)

此时服务端可以查看leases

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[iyunv@www ~]# tail -8  /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases lease 192.168.177.3 {   starts 4 2015/05/2119:11:50;   ends 4 2015/05/21 19:21:50;租约的时间信息   cltt 4 2015/05/21 19:11:50;   binding state active;   next binding state free;   hardware etherne   t00:0c:29:1d:07:88;这个mac就是client的mac   此时把之前配置文件中的静态绑定启用，在客户端有

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[iyunv@ns2 ~]# service network restart Shutting down interface eth0:                             [  OK  ] Shutting down loopback interface:                          [ OK  ] Bringing up loopback interface:                           [  OK  ] Bringing up interface eth0: Determining IP information for eth0... done

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[iyunv@ns2 ~]# ifconfig eth0      Linkencap:Ethernet  HWaddr00:0C:29:1D:07:88           inet addr:192.168.177.133  Bcast:192.168.177.255  Mask:255.255.255.0           inet6 addr:fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:788/64 Scope:Link           UP BROADCAST RUNNINGMULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1           RX packets:2121 errors:0 dropped:0overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:2080errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0           collisions:0txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:212609(207.6 KiB)  TX bytes:251128 (245.2 KiB)

不过绑定信息并不需要租约